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/* Research: an editorial perspective, followed by evidence-rich project stories. */
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/* Curated project selection and separate scholarly bibliography. */
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@media(min-width:1001px) and (max-width:1250px){.header-inner .institution{display:none}.header-inner nav{gap:1rem;font-size:.8rem}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.header-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0}.institution{display:none}.menu-toggle{display:flex;margin-left:auto}.header-inner nav{display:none;width:100%;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;margin:0;padding:0 0 1rem}.header-inner nav.is-open{display:flex}.header-inner nav a{padding:.6rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #bac2c3!important}}
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/* Cinematic vision carousel, using original-site photography. */
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/* A standalone declaration, without a heading or sidebar label. */
#main>.inner>.vision-manifesto{padding:clamp(4rem,8vw,8rem) 0;border-top:0}
.manifesto-copy{max-width:1080px;margin:0 auto;padding-left:clamp(1.25rem,3vw,3rem);border-left:3px solid var(--accent)}
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/* Locally hosted Cormorant Garamond for the Vision declaration. */
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/* A clear, structured declaration with restrained emphasis. */
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@media(max-width:760px){.manifesto-copy p{font-size:1.35rem;line-height:1.6}.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:2rem}}
/* Legible, unconnected handwriting for the Vision declaration. */
@font-face {
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@media(max-width:760px){.manifesto-copy p{font-size:1.4rem}.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:2rem}}
/* A restrained, flowing handwritten declaration. */
@font-face {
font-family: 'Marck Script';
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 400;
font-display: swap;
src: url(/assets/fonts/marck-script-400.ttf) format('truetype');
}
.manifesto-copy p{font-family:'Marck Script','Segoe Print',cursive;font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.65vw,2.45rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1.55;letter-spacing:0}
.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-family:'Marck Script','Segoe Print',cursive;font-size:clamp(2.3rem,4vw,3.6rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:0}
.manifesto-copy em{font-style:normal;font-weight:400;color:var(--accent);text-decoration:none}
@media(max-width:760px){.manifesto-copy p{font-size:1.6rem}.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:2.3rem}}
/* Readable calligraphic character through a familiar serif italic. */
.manifesto-copy p{font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.3vw,2.1rem);font-weight:400;font-style:italic;line-height:1.65;letter-spacing:0}
.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:clamp(2rem,3.6vw,3.2rem);font-weight:400;font-style:italic;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.02em}
.manifesto-copy em{font-style:inherit;font-weight:400;color:var(--accent);text-decoration:none}
@media(max-width:760px){.manifesto-copy p{font-size:1.35rem;line-height:1.6}.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:2rem}}
/* A slightly narrower serif italic, with unchanged reading rhythm. */
.manifesto-copy p,.manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-family:'Times New Roman',Times,serif;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0}
/* Compact, aligned research direction cards on Vision. */
#main>.inner>.pillars-section{padding:2.8rem 0 3rem}
.pillars-section .section-heading{margin-bottom:1.6rem;gap:1.5rem}
.pillars-section .section-heading h2{font-size:clamp(1.8rem,2.8vw,2.5rem)}
.pillars-section .pillars{column-gap:2rem;row-gap:.85rem}
.pillars-section .pillars>article{border-top:3px solid var(--accent);padding-top:1rem}
.pillars-section .index{margin:0;font-weight:600;font-size:.8rem}
.pillars-section .pillars h3{font-size:clamp(1.6rem,2.4vw,2.15rem);line-height:1.12;max-width:none;margin:0}
.pillars-section .pillars p{font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.65;min-height:0;margin:0}
.pillars-section .pillar-link{font-size:.8rem;padding-top:.6rem;margin-top:.15rem}
@media(min-width:761px){.pillars-section .pillars{grid-template-rows:auto auto 1fr auto}.pillars-section .pillars>article{row-gap:.85rem}}
@media(max-width:760px){.pillars-section .pillars{gap:1.6rem}.pillars-section .pillars>article{display:grid;gap:.65rem}.pillars-section .section-heading{align-items:start;flex-direction:column;gap:.7rem}.pillars-section .pillars h3{font-size:1.8rem}}
/* A keynote-style research declaration. */
#main>.inner>.vision-manifesto{
position:relative;isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden;
background:#080d12;border:0;margin:0 -4vw;width:100vw;
padding:clamp(3.5rem,7vw,6.5rem) max(6vw,calc((100vw - 1120px)/2));
box-sizing:border-box;
}
.vision-manifesto::before{
content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;pointer-events:none;
background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 85% 20%,#65869c18,transparent 65%);
}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy{max-width:1120px;margin:auto;padding:0;border:0}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p{
font-family:var(--sans);font-style:normal;font-weight:400;
color:#b9c3cb;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.75vw,1.5rem);line-height:1.6;
letter-spacing:-.015em;text-shadow:none;margin:0 0 1.2rem;max-width:890px;
}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{
color:#fff;font-size:clamp(2.6rem,5.5vw,5rem);font-weight:600;
line-height:1.06;letter-spacing:-.055em;max-width:1000px;margin:0 0 2.2rem;
text-wrap:balance;
}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy em{
color:#f4f8fc;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none;
text-shadow:0 0 24px #b9dfff26;
}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
#main>.inner>.vision-manifesto+.pillars-section{border-top:0}
@media(min-width:1440px){#main>.inner>.vision-manifesto{margin-left:calc((1324.8px - 100vw)/2)}}
@media(max-width:760px){
#main>.inner>.vision-manifesto{margin:0 -6vw;padding:3.3rem 6vw}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p{font-size:1.08rem;line-height:1.6}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:clamp(2.35rem,7.8vw,3.5rem);margin-bottom:1.6rem}
}
/* Deliberate headline beats, with balanced prose underneath. */
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-opening span{display:inline}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{max-width:none;font-size:clamp(2rem,3.45vw,3.1rem);letter-spacing:-.04em;text-wrap:wrap}
@media(min-width:761px){.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{white-space:nowrap}}
@media(max-width:760px){.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p.manifesto-opening{font-size:clamp(2rem,6.5vw,2.8rem)}}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p:not(.manifesto-opening){max-width:850px;text-wrap:pretty}
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy em{font-weight:600;font-style:italic}
/* Let complete ideas set the desktop line breaks. */
.vision-manifesto .manifesto-copy p:not(.manifesto-opening){max-width:none;font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.6vw,1.35rem);text-wrap:wrap}
@media(max-width:1000px){.manifesto-break{display:none}}
/* A continuous faculty biography, followed only by talks. */
.ruolin-overview{align-items:start}
.ruolin-overview h2{font-size:clamp(2.8rem,4.5vw,4.2rem);margin-bottom:1.4rem}
.ruolin-biography{max-width:780px}
.ruolin-biography p{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.8;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
.ruolin-biography a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.ruolin-overview .secondary-links{margin-top:1.8rem;row-gap:.9rem}
/* A compact, precise opening for the team. */
#main>.inner>.team-manifesto{display:block;padding:2.8rem 0 2.6rem}
.team-manifesto-copy{max-width:1080px;margin:0 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:1.2rem 2.8rem}
.team-manifesto-copy h1{grid-column:1 / -1;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:clamp(2rem,3.5vw,3.1rem);font-weight:600;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-.045em;margin:0 0 .3rem;text-wrap:balance}
.team-title-break{display:none}
.team-manifesto-copy>p{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.65;margin:0;text-wrap:pretty;color:var(--muted)}
.team-manifesto-copy em{color:var(--accent);font-style:normal;font-weight:500}
.team-manifesto-copy .team-manifesto-close{grid-column:1 / -1;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.5rem;align-items:center;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.88rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.01em;color:var(--ink);margin:.25rem 0 0;padding-top:1rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.team-manifesto-close span{white-space:nowrap;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.6rem}
.team-manifesto-close span::before{content:"";width:4px;height:4px;background:var(--accent);flex:none}
@media(max-width:760px){
#main>.inner>.team-manifesto{padding:2.1rem 0}
.team-manifesto-copy{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1rem}
.team-manifesto-copy h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,6.6vw,2.8rem)}
.team-manifesto-copy .team-manifesto-close{gap:.6rem 1rem;font-size:.82rem}
}
/* Match the homepage keynote surface for the team welcome. */
#main>.inner>.team-manifesto{
background:#080d12;border:0;margin:0 -4vw;width:100vw;
padding:2.8rem max(6vw,calc((100vw - 1080px)/2)) 2.6rem;
box-sizing:border-box;
}
.team-manifesto-copy h1{color:#fff}
.team-manifesto-copy>p{color:#bac4cc}
.team-manifesto-copy em{color:#fff;font-weight:600}
.team-manifesto-copy .team-manifesto-close{color:#eef3f7;border-top-color:#ffffff26}
.team-manifesto-close span::before{background:#edb99e}
@media(min-width:1440px){#main>.inner>.team-manifesto{margin-left:calc((1324.8px - 100vw)/2)}}
@media(max-width:760px){#main>.inner>.team-manifesto{margin:0 -6vw;padding:2.1rem 6vw}}
/* Balance the long biography with a self-contained identity column. */
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity{margin-top:1.5rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .eyebrow{margin-bottom:.5rem;font-size:.7rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity h2{font-size:2.3rem;margin-bottom:1rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .pi-affiliations{font-size:.83rem;line-height:1.55;margin-bottom:0}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-biography p{line-height:1.75}
@media(min-width:761px) and (min-height:900px){.ruolin-overview>.member-portrait{position:sticky;top:1.5rem}}
@media(max-width:760px){.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity{margin-top:1.2rem}}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .secondary-links{gap:.65rem 1rem;margin:1.2rem 0 0}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .secondary-links .text-link{font-size:.8rem}
/* Keep the taller identity column scrollable on ordinary-height screens. */
@media(min-width:761px) and (min-height:900px){.ruolin-overview>.member-portrait{position:static}}
@media(min-width:761px) and (min-height:1100px){.ruolin-overview>.member-portrait{position:sticky;top:1.5rem}}
/* Keep the identity column proportional to the biography on desktop. */
#main>.inner>.ruolin-overview{max-width:1120px;margin-inline:auto;grid-template-columns:minmax(240px,.85fr) minmax(0,2fr);gap:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.5rem)}
.ruolin-overview>.member-portrait{position:static}
.ruolin-overview>.member-portrait>img{width:210px;max-width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:1;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 5%;margin:0 0 1rem}
.ruolin-overview .photo-tagline{max-width:270px;font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.5}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity{margin-top:1.1rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity h2{margin-bottom:.75rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .pi-affiliations{font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.5}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .secondary-links{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.6rem .8rem;margin-top:1rem}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .secondary-links a{justify-self:start;font-size:.76rem}
@media(max-width:760px){#main>.inner>.ruolin-overview{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.8rem}.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .secondary-links{display:flex}}
/* Consistent student portraits and compact academic profiles. */
.member-grid:has(.student-profile){gap:2rem;margin-top:1.8rem}
.student-profile{grid-template-columns:210px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.5rem}
.student-profile+.student-profile{padding-top:2rem}
.member-grid .student-profile .member-portrait img{width:190px;height:190px;max-width:100%;aspect-ratio:1;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 35%}
.student-profile .photo-tagline{max-width:210px;font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.85rem}
.member-grid .student-profile h3{font-size:1.9rem;margin-bottom:.4rem}
.student-profile .member-role{font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.5}
.student-profile .member-department{font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:.45rem;color:var(--muted)}
.student-profile .member-joined{margin-bottom:.75rem;font-size:.8rem}
.student-profile .member-interests{margin-bottom:.85rem;gap:.25rem .9rem}
.student-profile .member-bio{font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.65;margin-bottom:.85rem}
.student-profile .member-bio:empty{display:none}
.student-profile .member-projects{padding-top:.8rem;margin-bottom:.9rem}
.student-profile .member-projects h4{font-size:.85rem;margin-bottom:.5rem}
.student-profile .member-projects li{font-size:.85rem;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:.4rem}
.student-profile .member-projects li p{margin-bottom:.5rem}
.student-profile .secondary-links{gap:.6rem 1.2rem;margin:1rem 0 0}
.student-profile .secondary-links a{font-size:.8rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.student-profile{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.2rem}.member-grid .student-profile .member-portrait img{width:170px;height:170px}}
/* Two student profiles per row, with identity and links below each portrait. */
.member-grid.student-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2.5rem 3.5rem;align-items:start}
.student-grid .student-profile{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:1.3rem;min-width:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:1.5rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-portrait{max-width:none;width:100%}
.student-grid .student-profile .photo-tagline{max-width:none;margin-bottom:1rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-details{width:100%;min-width:0}
.student-grid .student-profile .secondary-links{margin:.7rem 0 0;gap:.5rem 1rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .secondary-links a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-interests{font-size:.76rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.member-grid.student-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2rem}}
/* Share the PI section's alignment and keep student summaries comparable. */
#main>.inner>.student-section{max-width:1120px;margin-inline:auto}
.student-profile .project-credit{color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem}
.lab-life-section .member-note{font-family:var(--sans);font-style:normal;font-size:.85rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin:.65rem 0 0}
.lab-life-section .secondary-links:empty{display:none}
.lab-life-section #puff .member-portrait img{object-position:50% 35%}
.lab-life-section #cheese .member-portrait img{object-position:50% 50%}
.lab-life-section #oreo .member-portrait img{object-position:calc(50% + 8px) 0%;background:#dddccf}
/* Let spacing carry the team hierarchy instead of repeated rules. */
#main>.inner>.ruolin-overview,
#main>.inner>.student-section,
.student-grid .student-profile,
.student-profile .member-projects{border-top:0}
.student-profile .member-projects{padding-top:.35rem}
.ruolin-overview .secondary-links .text-link,
.student-profile .secondary-links .text-link{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}
.team-manifesto-copy .team-manifesto-close{border-top:0;padding-top:.4rem}
/* Clear category markers without full-width dividers. */
#main>.inner>.student-section{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem}
.student-section>h2{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.8rem;margin:0 0 1rem;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2vw,1.65rem);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.25}
.student-section>h2::before{content:"";display:block;flex:0 0 5px;align-self:stretch;background:var(--accent);border-radius:1px}
.student-section .member-grid.student-grid{margin-top:0;row-gap:1.8rem}
.student-section .student-grid .student-profile{padding-top:.5rem}
#main>.inner>.ruolin-overview{padding-bottom:2rem}
@media(max-width:760px){#main>.inner>.student-section{padding-top:1.6rem;padding-bottom:1.2rem}.student-section>h2{margin-bottom:1rem}}
/* Shared rows align each field across a pair of member profiles. */
@media(min-width:761px){
.student-section .member-grid.student-grid{align-items:stretch;row-gap:1rem}
.student-grid .student-profile{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-rows:subgrid;grid-row:span 12;row-gap:0;padding-top:0}
.student-grid .student-profile>.member-portrait,
.student-grid .student-profile>.member-details{display:contents}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-portrait>img{grid-row:1;margin-bottom:.85rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .photo-tagline{grid-row:2;margin:0 0 .8rem}
.student-grid .student-profile h3{grid-row:3;margin:0 0 .4rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-role{grid-row:4;margin:0 0 .3rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-department{grid-row:5;margin:0 0 .4rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-joined{grid-row:6;margin:0 0 .4rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .secondary-links{grid-row:7;align-content:start;align-items:start;margin:0 0 1rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-interests{grid-row:8;align-content:start;margin:0 0 .85rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-bio{grid-row:9;max-width:none;margin:0 0 .85rem}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-bio+.member-bio{grid-row:10}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-projects{grid-row:11;margin:0;padding:0}
.student-grid .student-profile .member-note{grid-row:12;margin:.4rem 0 0}
}
/* Give the PI role a clear, restrained accent. */
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .eyebrow{
display:inline-block;color:var(--accent);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;
letter-spacing:.12em;line-height:1.4;border-left:3px solid var(--accent);
padding:.15rem 0 .15rem .65rem;margin-bottom:.8rem;
}
/* Photography-led directions and a compact, linked selection of work. */
#main>.inner>.research-direction{padding:3rem 0 2rem;border:0;scroll-margin-top:1rem}
.direction-visual{position:relative;isolation:isolate;min-height:350px;display:flex;align-items:end;padding:2.6rem;overflow:hidden;background:var(--navy)}
.direction-visual>img{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-2;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.direction-visual::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#08131d05 5%,#08131d33 35%,#08131de6 100%)}
.direction-visual .eyebrow{color:#efb99a;margin-bottom:.8rem}
.direction-visual h2{color:white;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,4.2vw,3.8rem);margin:0 0 .6rem;max-width:850px}
.direction-visual div>p:last-child{color:#e1e8ec;font-size:1.1rem;margin:0}
.direction-overview{display:grid;grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr;gap:3rem;align-items:start;padding:1.8rem 0 2rem}
.direction-overview>p{font-size:1.08rem;line-height:1.7;margin:0;max-width:850px}
.direction-overview>span{font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);padding-top:.3rem}
.direction-work{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2.4rem 3rem}
.direction-project{border-top:2px solid var(--ink);padding-top:1.2rem;min-width:0}
.direction-project>.eyebrow{font-size:.67rem;margin-bottom:.8rem}
.direction-project>h3{font-size:1.65rem;margin-bottom:.4rem}
.work-thesis{font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:.8rem}
.work-summary{font-size:.93rem;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:1.2rem}
.work-support,.work-status,.foundation-note{font-size:.77rem;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.6}
.direction-paper{margin-top:1.3rem}
.direction-paper h4{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.97rem;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:0 0 .5rem}
.direction-paper .paper-authors{font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:.35rem}
.direction-paper .paper-venue,.direction-paper .paper-status{font-size:.77rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:.25rem}
.direction-paper .paper-honor{font-size:.77rem;color:var(--accent);line-height:1.5;margin:.6rem 0}
.paper-resources{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem 1.1rem;margin-top:.7rem}
.paper-resources>a{font-size:.77rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--accent);padding:.2rem 0}
@media(min-width:1150px){.direction-work:has(>.direction-project:nth-child(3)){grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2rem}}
@media(max-width:760px){.direction-visual{min-height:300px;padding:1.5rem}.direction-overview{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.8rem;padding:1.3rem 0 1.6rem}.direction-work{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.7rem}#main>.inner>.research-direction{padding:2rem 0 1rem}.direction-visual h2{font-size:2.25rem}.direction-visual div>p:last-child{font-size:.95rem}}
/* A short keynote opening, with one unnumbered direction navigation. */
#main>.inner>.research-perspective{background:#080d12;border:0;margin:0 -4vw;width:100vw;padding:clamp(3rem,5vw,4.5rem) max(6vw,calc((100vw - 1120px)/2));box-sizing:border-box}
.research-perspective>.eyebrow{color:#a9b9c5;font-size:.7rem;margin-bottom:1.1rem}
.research-perspective h1{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:clamp(2.5rem,4.6vw,4.2rem);font-weight:600;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.045em;color:#fff;margin:0 0 1.6rem;max-width:1000px}
.research-perspective .research-statement{color:#bac4cc;max-width:920px;font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.55vw,1.3rem);line-height:1.6;margin:0 0 .7rem}
.research-perspective .research-statement:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.research-perspective strong{color:#fff;font-weight:500}
.research-jump{border-top:0;border-bottom:0;margin:0;padding:1.5rem 0;gap:2rem}
#main>.inner>.research-direction{padding-top:1.5rem}
@media(min-width:1440px){#main>.inner>.research-perspective{margin-left:calc((1324.8px - 100vw)/2)}}
@media(max-width:760px){#main>.inner>.research-perspective{margin:0 -6vw;padding:2.6rem 6vw}.research-perspective h1{font-size:clamp(2.2rem,7vw,3.1rem)}.research-jump{gap:.9rem;padding:1.2rem 0}}
/* Keep each direction arrow attached to its label. */
.research-jump a{justify-content:flex-start;gap:.5rem}
.research-jump b{margin-left:0;flex-shrink:0}
/* Equal-width direction links, with arrows kept beside the labels. */
.research-jump{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem}
.research-jump a{justify-content:center;text-align:center}
#interactive-autonomy .direction-overview{display:block;padding:1.7rem 0 2rem}
#interactive-autonomy .direction-overview>p{max-width:1000px}
#interactive-autonomy .direction-project>h3{margin-bottom:.9rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.research-jump{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-jump a{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left}}
/* Vision-led overviews and shared publication rows. */
.research-direction .direction-overview{display:block;padding:1.7rem 0 2rem}
.research-direction .direction-overview>p{max-width:1000px}
.direction-project>.work-context p:last-child{margin-bottom:.8rem}
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#main>.inner>.news-manifesto{padding-left:calc(max(4vw,(100vw - 1324.8px)/2) + 110px + 2rem);padding-right:max(4vw,calc((100vw - 1324.8px)/2))}
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width:fit-content;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;
gap:.35rem;padding:.35rem;margin:1.2rem 0 .8rem;
border:0;border-radius:10px;background:#eeefeb;
box-shadow:3px 3px 8px #182b3510,-3px -3px 8px #ffffff;
}
.publication-years a{
display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
min-height:38px;padding:.4rem 1rem;border:0;border-radius:7px;
font-weight:500;color:#52616a;text-decoration:none;
text-shadow:0 1px 0 #fff;transition:background .18s,color .18s,box-shadow .18s;
}
.publication-years a:hover,.publication-years a:focus-visible{
background:#f8f9f5;color:var(--accent);
box-shadow:2px 2px 5px #182b3514,-2px -2px 5px #fff;
}
.publication-years a:active{box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 4px #182b3514,inset -2px -2px 4px #fff}
@media(max-width:760px){.publication-years{gap:.1rem;margin-top:1rem}.publication-years a{padding:.35rem .75rem}}
/* Year navigation shares the publication text column. */
.publication-years{margin-left:calc(74px + 1.7rem);max-width:calc(100% - 74px - 1.7rem)}
@media(max-width:760px){.publication-years{margin-left:0;max-width:100%}}
/* Compact alumni directory, aligned with the member sections. */
.alumni-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1.5rem 2rem;padding-top:.5rem}
.alumni-card{min-width:0}
.alumni-card img,.alumni-monogram{width:112px;height:112px;max-width:100%;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;margin-bottom:1rem}
.alumni-monogram{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#e9ece8;color:#7c8988;font:400 1.9rem var(--serif)}
.alumni-card h3{font:600 1.05rem/1.3 var(--sans);letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0 0 .5rem}
.alumni-role,.alumni-affiliation{font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 .3rem}
.alumni-card .text-link{font-size:.77rem;margin-top:.35rem}
@media(max-width:1000px){.alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:600px){.alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1.5rem}.alumni-card img,.alumni-monogram{width:100px;height:100px}}
/* Shared rows keep every alumni field aligned within each visual row. */
.alumni-grid{row-gap:.5rem}
.alumni-card{display:grid;grid-template-rows:subgrid;grid-row:span 6;row-gap:.35rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;align-items:start}
.alumni-card img,.alumni-monogram{margin:0 0 .6rem}
.alumni-card h3,.alumni-role,.alumni-affiliation{margin:0}
.alumni-years{font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.alumni-card .text-link{justify-self:start;margin-top:.35rem}
@media(min-width:1101px){.alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:1.5rem}}
@media(min-width:601px) and (max-width:1100px){.alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}
/* Award marks: warm brass, restrained scale, no extra rules. */
.award-badge{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.28em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;padding:.17em .5em;border-radius:4px;background:#b38a3820;color:#795a1b;font:600 .67rem/1.35 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.01em}
.award-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em;height:1em;flex:none;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.5;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;vertical-align:-.1em}
.award-inline{color:#795a1b}.award-inline .award-icon{margin-right:.25em}
.bibliography-paper h3 .award-badge,.bibliography-paper h3 .award-badge span{font:600 .67rem/1.35 var(--sans);color:#795a1b;letter-spacing:.01em}.paper-honor{border:0}
.badge-funding{background:#36657314;color:#365e6a}
.badge-scholarship{background:#74618416;color:#6b547e}
.award-badge>span{font:inherit;color:inherit}
.news-meta .award-badge{font:600 .67rem/1.35 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.01em;padding:.17em .5em;color:#795a1b;background:#b38a3820}
.news-meta .award-badge>span{font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;background:none;padding:0}
.news-meta .badge-funding{background:#36657314;color:#365e6a}
.news-meta .badge-scholarship{background:#74618416;color:#6b547e}
/* A quiet sponsor signature shared by all SIAS pages. */
.footer-sponsors{margin-top:1.8rem}
.footer-support-label{font:500 .63rem/1.4 var(--sans);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15em;color:#b7c6c8;margin:0 0 .65rem}
.footer-sponsor-logos{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.2fr 1.2fr 1fr;align-items:center;gap:1.5rem;padding:.65rem 0;background:transparent}
.footer-sponsor{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:.7rem;color:#c1cdcf}
.footer-sponsor img{height:45px;width:45px;object-fit:contain;filter:none;mix-blend-mode:multiply;opacity:1}
.footer-sponsor>span{font:500 .65rem/1.45 var(--sans);max-width:140px}
.footer-sponsor-ncst img{width:190px;max-width:100%;height:48px}
.footer-sponsor-oliveri>span{font:500 1.45rem/1.1 var(--serif);max-width:none}
.footer-sponsor-oliveri small{display:block;font:500 .61rem/1.5 var(--sans);margin-top:.25rem}
#project-evac .direction-paper+.direction-paper{margin-top:1.4rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.footer-sponsor-logos{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:1.2rem;padding:.65rem 0}.footer-sponsor{justify-content:flex-start}.footer-sponsor img{height:38px;width:38px}.footer-sponsor-ncst img{width:155px;height:44px}.footer-sponsor>span{font-size:.6rem}.footer-sponsor-oliveri>span{font-size:1.35rem}}
@media(min-width:761px){
#project-evac{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:1.2rem}
#project-evac>h3,#project-evac>.work-summary,#project-evac .work-context{grid-column:1/-1}
}
/* Warm gallery-paper footer: original sponsor colors, one continuous surface. */
.refined-footer{background:#efeee8;color:#23343a}
.refined-footer .footer-identity h2,.refined-footer .footer-email{color:#23343a}
.refined-footer .footer-identity h2 span,.refined-footer .footer-email span,.refined-footer .eyebrow{color:#936951}
.refined-footer .footer-identity p,.refined-footer .footer-poem p{color:#536063}
.refined-footer .footer-location,.refined-footer .footer-bottom,.refined-footer .quote-credit,.refined-footer .footer-support-label{color:#66716f}
.refined-footer .footer-poem{border-top-color:#d2d3c9}
.refined-footer .footer-poem em{color:#865e48}
.refined-footer .footer-sponsor{color:#405157}
.refined-footer a:hover{color:#a51e24!important}
.refined-footer .footer-bottom a{text-decoration-color:#a8aea7}
/* Shared editorial alignment for the footer's right-hand column. */
@media(min-width:761px){
.footer-topline,.refined-footer .footer-poem,.refined-footer .footer-bottom{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,430px);gap:4rem}
.refined-footer .footer-contact{justify-self:start}
.footer-poem>div:last-child,.footer-bottom>span:last-child{justify-self:start;text-align:left}
.footer-email{justify-content:flex-start;gap:1.15rem}
}
@media(min-width:1101px){.alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}}
#project-evac .work-context{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:.35rem 1.2rem;padding-bottom:.8rem;align-content:start}
#project-evac .work-context .work-support,#project-evac .work-context .paper-resources{margin:0}
/* Semantic detail colors: a single palette across the lab site. */
:root{--author-color:#435b96;--award-color:#795a1b;--award-tint:#b38a3820;--funding-color:#365e6a;--funding-tint:#36657314;--scholarship-color:#6b547e;--scholarship-tint:#74618416;--link-color:#a51e24}
body .sias-author,body .paper-authors .sias-author,body .bibliography-authors .sias-author,body .news-talks .sias-author{color:var(--author-color);font-weight:650}
body .award-badge.badge-paper,body .bibliography-paper h3 .badge-paper,body .news-meta .badge-paper{color:var(--award-color);background:var(--award-tint)}
body .paper-honor,body .direction-paper .paper-honor,body .award-inline,body .project-recognition{color:var(--award-color)}
body .award-badge.badge-funding,body .news-meta .badge-funding{color:var(--funding-color);background:var(--funding-tint)}
body .award-badge.badge-scholarship,body .news-meta .badge-scholarship{color:var(--scholarship-color);background:var(--scholarship-tint)}
body .award-badge>span,body .bibliography-paper h3 .award-badge>span,body .news-meta .award-badge>span{color:inherit}
body a .link-arrow,body .footer-email .link-arrow{color:var(--link-color);font:inherit}
body .paper-resources>a,body a.text-link{color:var(--link-color)}
body a:hover .link-arrow{color:inherit}
#project-evac .evac-overview>p{margin:0 0 .45rem}
#project-evac .evac-overview .work-context{padding-bottom:0}
/* Keep direction arrows close; distinguish Team keywords from links. */
.pillars .pillar-link{justify-content:flex-start;gap:.45rem}
.member-interests,.member-interests li{color:#52756e}
/* Compact research rhythm, ending in a handwritten margin note. */
#main>.inner>.research-direction{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1.3rem}
.research-direction .direction-overview{padding:1rem 0 1.2rem}
.direction-overview>p{line-height:1.6}
.direction-work{row-gap:.65rem}
.direction-project{padding-top:.8rem}
.direction-project>h3{margin-bottom:.6rem}
.direction-project>.work-summary{margin-bottom:.65rem;line-height:1.6}
.direction-project .paper-resources{margin-top:.3rem}
#main>.inner>.research-end{background:transparent;padding:1.4rem 0 1.8rem!important;margin:0;border:0}
.research-end .research-margin-label{font:400 .85rem/1.4 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.02em;color:#78817c;margin:0 0 .4rem}
.research-end h2{font-family:'Kalam',cursive;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,3vw,2.4rem);font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:#49615a;margin:0 0 .8rem;transform:rotate(-.6deg);transform-origin:left center}
.research-end>div{gap:.6rem 1.8rem}
.research-end .text-link{font-size:.8rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.direction-work{row-gap:1.25rem}.direction-paper{margin-top:.85rem}#main>.inner>.research-end{padding:1rem 0 1.6rem!important}}
/* An understated editorial close, with formal language and flowing serif type. */
#main>.inner>.research-end{padding:1.6rem 0 2rem!important}
.research-end .research-margin-label{font:400 .75rem/1.5 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.035em;color:#717c79;margin-bottom:.7rem}
.research-end h2{font-family:'Cormorant Garamond',Georgia,serif;font-size:clamp(2rem,3.6vw,3.1rem);font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:1.22;letter-spacing:-.02em;color:var(--ink);transform:none;margin-bottom:1.15rem}
/* A single-line, softly embossed research signature. */
.research-end h2{font-size:clamp(1.6rem,2.55vw,2.3rem);line-height:1.3;white-space:nowrap;color:#243e63;text-shadow:0 1px 0 #fff,0 -1px 0 #152a4524;letter-spacing:-.025em}
@media(max-width:900px){.research-end h2{white-space:normal;max-width:34ch;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,4vw,2.1rem)}}
.research-end h2{font-weight:600}
/* Warm gold distinguishes editorial labels and roles from action links. */
:root{--label-gold:#86631f;--label-gold-light:#d5b979;--label-gold-tint:#86631f10}
body .eyebrow,.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .eyebrow{color:var(--label-gold)}
.ruolin-overview .ruolin-identity .eyebrow{border-left-color:var(--label-gold)}
.student-section>h2{color:var(--label-gold)}
.student-section>h2::before{background:var(--label-gold)}
.news-entry .news-tag{color:var(--label-gold);background:var(--label-gold-tint)}
.news-talks h4{color:var(--label-gold)}
.research-perspective>.eyebrow,.direction-visual .eyebrow,.flagship .eyebrow,.page-manifesto h1{color:var(--label-gold-light)}
/* Give the two official marks their own horizontal clear space. */
.header-inner .official-identity{flex-direction:row;align-items:center;gap:24px;flex:0 0 226px;margin:0 12px 0 4px;padding:0}
.official-identity .usc-mark{width:78px;flex:none}
.official-identity .viterbi-mark{width:124px;flex:none}
@media(min-width:761px) and (max-width:1200px){
.header-inner{flex-wrap:wrap}
.header-inner .official-identity{margin-right:auto}
.header-inner .menu-toggle{display:flex;margin-left:auto}
.header-inner nav{display:none;width:100%;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;margin:0;padding:0 0 1rem}
.header-inner nav.is-open{display:flex}
}
@media(max-width:760px){
.header-inner .brand{order:0}
.header-inner .menu-toggle{order:1;margin-left:auto}
.header-inner .official-identity{order:2;flex:0 0 100%;justify-content:flex-start;gap:24px;margin:0;padding:0 0 17px}
.official-identity .usc-mark{width:66px}
.official-identity .viterbi-mark{width:108px}
.header-inner nav{order:3}
}
/* Keep the hero action and its arrow together. */
.vision-cinema-bottom>a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-start;gap:.4em}
.vision-cinema-bottom>a span{margin-left:0}
/* Institutional support alongside research funders. */
.footer-sponsor-logos{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1.2fr 1.2fr 1fr;gap:1.25rem}
.footer-sponsor-usc img{width:72px;height:48px;flex-shrink:0}
@media(max-width:1000px){.footer-sponsor-logos{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:760px){.footer-sponsor-logos{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.footer-sponsor-usc img{width:62px;height:42px}}